A gene is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity. Genes are made up of DNA. Some genes act as instructions to make molecules called proteins.
Genes contain instructions that tell our cells to make molecules called proteins. Proteins perform various functions in our body to keep us healthy.
The thread like structures found in the nucleus of a cell are called chromosomes.
Genes and chromosomes are made up of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). DNA is the molecule that carries genetic information for the development and functioning of an organism.
Humans have 46 (23 pairs) of chromosomes in each body cell.
A specie is a group of closely related organisms that are very similar to each other and are usually capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring
The differences in the characters or traits among the individuals of a species is called variation. Variation arises due to crossing over, recombination, mutation & environmental effects on the expression of genes present on chromosomes.
The word inherited means the transmission of characters from parents to their offspring’s.
A stimulus is something that causes a reaction or response in an organism, like when you touch something hot and quickly pull your hand away.
An action taken as a result of a stimulus is called a response.
The five main sense organs are the skin, tongue, nose, eyes, and
ears. The skin is sensitive to touch, the tongue is sensitive to taste, the
nose is sensitive to smell, the eyes to sight, while the ears are sensitive
to hearing and balance.
The two parts of central nervous system are brain and spinal cord. The brain is the control center of the body. It is responsible for everything from thinking and feeling to controlling movement.
The spinal cord is a long, thin bundle of nerves that runs down the back. It carries messages between the brain and the rest of the body
Reflexes are our body’s rapid, involuntary responses to stimuli. They help us react quickly to potentially harmful situations, such as pulling our hand away from a hot object or blinking when something approaches our eyes.
Cerebrum
It is responsible for thinking, intelligence, consciousness and memory.
Cerebellum
The cerebellum keeps the body balanced and coordinates the different parts of the body.
Medulla oblongata
It keeps our heart, beating regularly and tells our lungs when to breathe in and when to breathe out.
